Management & Treatment of Retinal Problems

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

• Regular eye examinations, lifestyle changes (diet, exercise), and smoking cessation.
• Anti-VEGF injections (e.g., ranibizumab, aflibercept), photodynamic therapy, and in some cases, laser therapy.

Diabetic Retinopathy

• Control of blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels.
• Laser photocoagulation, anti-VEGF injections

Retinal Detachment

• Prompt diagnosis is crucial; patients may report flashes or floaters.
• Surgical options for detached retina.

Retinal Vein Occlusion

• Monitoring and controlling underlying conditions (hypertension, diabetes).
• Anti-VEGF therapy, corticosteroids, and laser treatment.

Retinitis Pigmentosa

• Genetic counselling and low-vision rehabilitation.
• There is currently no cure.

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR)

• Stress management and lifestyle modifications.
• Observation, anti-VEGF injections

General Treatment

Medications: Anti-VEGF agents, corticosteroids, and other systemic medications as needed.

Surgery: Depending on the condition, surgical interventions may be necessary.

Laser Therapy: Used for sealing retinal tears or for photocoagulation.

Nutritional Support: Supplements formulations may be beneficial for AMD.

Lifestyle Modifications: Encouraging healthy eating, regular exercise, and smoking cessation can significantly impact retinal health.

Regular eye examinations are essential for early detection and management of retinal problems, especially for individuals at higher risk (e.g., diabetics, older adults).

Treatment depends on the type of retinal disease. Depending on the condition, treatment can stop the disease or slow down the progression. Therapy options include surgical procedures, laser treatments and injections of medicines into or around your eyes.

Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure to treat the following types of retinal disease:

• Retinal detachments.
• Macular pucker (epiretinal membrane).
• Macular hole.
• Eye injuries

Injections of medicine into the vitreous treat the following retinal conditions:

• Wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD).
• Advanced diabetic retinopathy.
• Macular edema from various causes.
• Inflammatory eye diseases.

Laser treatment:

• Blood vessels that have grown where they shouldn’t be.
• Retinal tears.
• Central serous retinopathy.
• Macular edema.
• Antibacterial, antifungal or antiviral drugs for severe infections.