What is glaucoma?
Glaucoma ( often referred to as the “ silent thief of sight “ ) is a condition that damages the eye’s optic nerve leading to loss of vision and eventual blindness, if left undetected and untreated.
Types of glaucoma
There are many types of glaucoma – congenital, open angle, closed angle, normal tension and secondary glaucoma.
Symptom and signs of glaucoma
Most cases are chronic open-angle glaucoma where there are minimal or no symptoms.
Acute angle-closure glaucoma presents with sudden onset of blurred vision, seeing halos around lights, often accompanied with severe eye pain, nausea, and vomiting Gradual loss of peripheral vision.
Tunnel vision in late cases.
Diagnosis of glaucoma
- Checking the vision
- Tonometry (measurement of the intraocular pressure)
- Gonioscopy / Measurement of the anterior chamber angles
- Examination of the optic nerve
- Perimetry – to detect any loss of visual fields
- Pachymetry – measurement of the corneal thickness
Management
There is no cure for glaucoma.
Early detection of the condition is crucial as the condition often progresses without noticeable symptoms.
Treatment can help control the condition and prevent further vision loss. The main goal is to lower intraocular pressure. Treatment involves eyedrops, laser and surgery.
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